Amethyst

Physical Properties

Hardness: 7 (Mohs scale); Color: Purple, violet, or lavender; Luster: Vitreous (glassy); Crystal Structure: Hexagonal (trigonal); Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.65

Formation & Geological History

Formed in hydrothermal veins or as linings in volcanic geodes. The purple color is caused by natural irradiation of trace iron impurities replacing silicon in the quartz lattice. Most commercial amethyst is found in Cenozoic era basalt flows.

Uses & Applications

Predominantly used as a gemstone in jewelry, for decorative carvings, and in metaphysical/collecting markets. Historically used for amulets.

Geological Facts

In Ancient Greek, 'amethystos' means 'not drunken'; it was believed to prevent intoxication. It is the official birthstone for February and is often found in the royal crown jewels of several nations.

Field Identification & Locations

Identify by its characteristic purple color and quartz-like fracture. Often found in South America (Brazil, Uruguay) and parts of Africa. For collectors, look for deep, uniform color (Deep Siberian) with minimal visible inclusions.

Identified on: 4/24/2026

Mode: Standard