Organic Mineral
Amber
Succinicum (Organic polymer, largely C10H16O)
Hardness: 2.0-2.5 on Mohs scale; Color: Honey-yellow to orange-brown; Luster: Resinous; Crystal structure: Amorphous (non-crystalline); Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 1.05-1.09 (floats in salt water).
- Hardness
- 2
- Color
- Honey-yellow to orange-brown
- Luster
- Resinous
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Physical properties
Hardness: 2.0-2.5 on Mohs scale; Color: Honey-yellow to orange-brown; Luster: Resinous; Crystal structure: Amorphous (non-crystalline); Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 1.05-1.09 (floats in salt water).
Formation & geological history
Formed from the fossilization of botanical resins (usually coniferous tree sap) via polymerisation over millions of years. Most specimens are between 30 to 90 million years old (Cenozoic to Mesozoic eras).
Uses & applications
Primarily used in jewelry, decorative ornaments, and perfumery. Historically used in medicine and as a gemstone for talismans.
Geological facts
Amber often traps prehistoric organisms (inclusions) such as insects or plant matter, providing a unique snapshot of ancient ecosystems. Unlike most gems, it is warm to the touch and can generate static electricity when rubbed.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its light weight (it's much lighter than glass/stone) and 'warmth.' Found mostly in the Baltic region, Dominican Republic, and Myanmar. A common test for authenticity is its ability to float in a saturated salt-water solution.
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