mineral

Quartz

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Hardness: 7 on Mohs scale; Color: Clear to translucent milky white; Luster: Vitreous (glassy); Crystal structure: Hexagonal; Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture); Specific gravity: 2.65

Hardness: 7 on Mohs scale
Color: Clear to translucent milky white
Luster: Vitreous (glassy)

Identified June 2, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 7 on Mohs scale; Color: Clear to translucent milky white; Luster: Vitreous (glassy); Crystal structure: Hexagonal; Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture); Specific gravity: 2.65

Formation & geological history

Forms through the cooling of silica-rich magma or from hydrothermal veins. It can also precipitate from water in sedimentary environments. Found across all geological ages.

Uses & applications

Used in glass manufacturing, electronics (due to piezoelectric properties), construction as an abrasive, and frequently in jewelry as semi-precious gemstones.

Geological facts

Quartz is the second most abundant mineral in Earth's continental crust. It is highly resistant to chemical and physical weathering, which is why it is the primary component of most beach sand.

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by its hardness (it will scratch glass) and its lack of cleavage. Look for hexagonal crystal faces or glass-like fracture surfaces in granite or sandstone outcrops.