sedimentary
Sandstone (Ferruginous)
Arenite (SiO2 with Fe2O3 inclusions)
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs); Color: Tan, brown, or reddish due to iron oxide; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Clastic (granular texture); Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2 - 2.8
- Hardness
- 6-7 (Mohs)
- Color
- Tan, brown, or reddish due to iron oxide
- Luster
- Dull/Earthy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs); Color: Tan, brown, or reddish due to iron oxide; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Clastic (granular texture); Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2 - 2.8
Formation & geological history
Formed through the accumulation and cementation of mineral particles or rock fragments (clasts) that are the size of sand grains. This specimen likely formed in a riverbed or desert environment where iron oxide acted as a natural cement.
Uses & applications
Commonly used in construction as building stone or as a source of industrial sand (silica) for glassmaking. Also used for decorative landscaping.
Geological facts
Sandstone makes up about 20% of all sedimentary rocks on Earth. The famous red rocks of the Grand Canyon and Petra in Jordan are primarily made of this rock type.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its gritty 'sandpaper' feel when rubbed. Found globally in basins and mountainous regions. For collectors, look for unique weathering patterns or layering.
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