mineral

White Topaz

Topaz - Al2SiO4(F,OH)2

Hardness: 8 on Mohs scale; Color: Colorless (White); Luster: Vitreous (glassy); Crystal structure: Orthorhombic; Cleavage: Perfect basal; Specific Gravity: 3.49–3.57.

Hardness: 8 on Mohs scale
Color: Colorless (White)
Luster: Vitreous (glassy)

Identified March 11, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 8 on Mohs scale; Color: Colorless (White); Luster: Vitreous (glassy); Crystal structure: Orthorhombic; Cleavage: Perfect basal; Specific Gravity: 3.49–3.57.

Formation & geological history

Formed in late-stage igneous processes within highly silicic rocks like granite and pegmatites, or in rhyolite cavities. Often found in vapor-rich environments where fluorine exists.

Uses & applications

Commonly used in the jewelry industry as a budget-friendly alternative to diamond. Also used occasionally in industrial optics and for mineral collecting.

Geological facts

Topaz is one of the hardest minerals in nature. While colorless in its pure form, natural imperfections and radiation can create a rainbow of colors; white topaz can be 'treated' with irradiation and heat to turn deep blue.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its high hardness (it will scratch quartz but not corundum) and its smooth, perfect basal cleavage. Common locations include Brazil, Russia, Pakistan, and the United States (Texas and Utah).