Granite

Physical Properties

Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale. Color: Light grey, white, with black flecks. Luster: Vitreous to dull. Crystal structure: Phaneritic (coarse-grained). Specific gravity: 2.63 - 2.75.

Formation & Geological History

Formed from the slow crystallization of magma below Earth's surface. It is an intrusive rock found in continental crust and can be hundreds of millions to billions of years old.

Uses & Applications

Widely used in construction (countertops, flooring, monuments), aggregate for road base, and as a decorative stone in landscaping.

Geological Facts

Granite makes up a large portion of the Earth's continental crust. El Capitan in Yosemite National Park is one of the most famous exposed granite monoliths in the world.

Field Identification & Locations

Identify by its interlocking 'salt and pepper' appearance of quartz (clear/grey), feldspar (white/pink), and mica (black/shiny). Extremely common in mountain ranges and Canadian Shield areas.

Identified on: 4/23/2026

Mode: Standard