mineral

Diamond

Carbon (C)

Hardness: 10 Mohs; Color: Colorless (as shown), but can be yellow, brown, or blue; Luster: Adamantine; Crystal Structure: Isometric-Hexoctahedral (cubic); Cleavage: Perfect in four directions; Specific Gravity: 3.52.

Hardness: 10 Mohs
Color: Colorless (as shown), but can be yellow, brown, or blue
Luster: Adamantine

Identified March 11, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Formed under extreme high-pressure and high-temperature conditions deep within Earth's mantle (approx. 150-250km deep). They are brought to the surface through deep-source volcanic eruptions known as kimberlite or lamproite pipes.

Uses & applications

Predominantly used in jewelry as gemstones. Industrial uses include abrasive grit, drilling bits, and precision cutting tools due to its extreme hardness.

Geological facts

Diamond is the hardest naturally occurring substance on Earth. Most diamonds found today are between 1 billion and 3.5 billion years old. Famous specimens include the Hope Diamond and the Koh-i-Noor.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its exceptional brilliance, high thermal conductivity, and ability to scratch any other material. Commonly found in secondary alluvial deposits or primary kimberlite pipes in Russia, Botswana, and Canada.