Diamond (in jewelry)

Physical Properties

Hardness: 10 (Mohs scale), Color: Colorless (variations exist), Luster: Adamantine, Crystal Structure: Isometric-Hexoctahedral, Cleavage: Octahedral, Specific Gravity: 3.51

Formation & Geological History

Formed under high-pressure, high-temperature conditions in Earth's mantle, approximately 100 miles underground, and transported to the surface via kimberlite volcanic pipes.

Uses & Applications

Primarily used in high-end jewelry (rings, bracelets) and industrial applications for cutting, grinding, and drilling due to its extreme hardness.

Geological Facts

Diamonds are the hardest natural substance known on Earth. Many diamonds are billions of years old, some dating back to the earth's earliest history.

Field Identification & Locations

Identified by its incredible hardness, high refractive index (brilliance), and thermal conductivity. Commonly found in alluvial deposits or kimberlite pipes in Africa, Russia, and Canada.

Identified on: 5/20/2026

Mode: Standard