mineral

Citrine

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with iron impurities

Hardness: 7 (Mohs scale), Color: Pale yellow to golden honey or amber brown, Luster: Vitreous (glassy), Crystal Structure: Hexagonal (Trigonal), Cleavage: None/Conchoidal fracture, Specific Gravity: 2.65

Identified April 12, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Formed in igneous and metamorphic environments, specifically in pegmatites and hydrothermal veins. Natural citrine occurs when quartz crystals are subjected to intense heat and pressure underground, often near iron-rich deposits.

Uses & applications

Predominantly used as a gemstone in jewelry, for decorative carvings, and as a popular specimen for gemstone collectors and metaphysical enthusiasts.

Geological facts

Natural citrine is quite rare; most 'citrine' in the commercial market is actually heat-treated amethyst or smoky quartz. It is known as the 'Success Stone' or 'Merchant's Stone' in history.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its clarity, yellow-to-orange hue, and lack of cleavage. In the field, look for hexagonal prismatic crystals that are harder than glass. Common natural sources include Brazil, Madagascar, and Russia.

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