Quartz

Physical Properties

Hardness: 7 on Mohs scale; Color: Colorless to white; Luster: Vitreous (glassy); Crystal Structure: Hexagonal (trigonal); Cleavage: Indistinct (conchoidal fracture); Specific Gravity: 2.65.

Formation & Geological History

Formed through the cooling of silica-rich magma or from hydrothermal veins. It is one of the most abundant minerals in Earth's crust and can be found in rocks of all geological ages.

Uses & Applications

Used in electronics (oscillators), glass manufacturing, abrasives, jewelry (as semi-precious gemstones), and construction as a component of sand.

Geological Facts

Quartz is piezoelectric, meaning it generates an electric charge when mechanical stress is applied. This property makes it essential for timekeeping in watches and clocks.

Field Identification & Locations

Identify in the field by its hardness (scratches glass), glassy luster, and lack of cleavage planes. Found globally in granites, metamorphic rocks, and sedimentary sands.

Identified on: 4/16/2026

Mode: Standard