Jadeite

Physical Properties

Hardness: 6.5–7.0 (Mohs scale); Color: Typically apple green to emerald green, but also white, lavender, or gray; Luster: Vitreous to pearly; Crystal structure: Monoclinic; Cleavage: Good in two directions at nearly 90 degrees; Specific gravity: 3.24–3.43.

Formation & Geological History

Formed in metamorphic rocks under high pressure and relatively low temperature conditions, typically in subduction zones. It is commonly found in serpentinite-hosted environments associated with glaucophane schist.

Uses & Applications

Primarily used in jewelry (gemstones, beads, cabochons), ornamental carvings, and historical artifacts. Due to its toughness, it was historically used for axe heads and weapons.

Geological Facts

Jadeite is one of two minerals recognized as 'Jade' (the other being nephrite). 'Imperial Jade' is the most valuable variety, characterized by a translucent, emerald-green hue caused by chromium.

Field Identification & Locations

Identify in the field by its extreme toughness, green color, and granular (sugary) texture compared to the smooth, fibrous texture of nephrite. It is commonly found in Myanmar (Burma), Guatemala, Japan, and California.

Identified on: 4/17/2026

Mode: Standard