metamorphic
Jadeite
Jadeite (NaAlSi2O6)
Hardness: 6.5–7.0 (Mohs scale); Color: Typically apple green to emerald green, but also white, lavender, or gray; Luster: Vitreous to pearly; Crystal structure: Monoclinic; Cleavage: Good in two directions at nearly 90 degrees; Specific gravity: 3.24–3.43.
- Hardness
- 6
- Luster
- Vitreous to pearly
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6.5–7.0 (Mohs scale); Color: Typically apple green to emerald green, but also white, lavender, or gray; Luster: Vitreous to pearly; Crystal structure: Monoclinic; Cleavage: Good in two directions at nearly 90 degrees; Specific gravity: 3.24–3.43.
Formation & geological history
Formed in metamorphic rocks under high pressure and relatively low temperature conditions, typically in subduction zones. It is commonly found in serpentinite-hosted environments associated with glaucophane schist.
Uses & applications
Primarily used in jewelry (gemstones, beads, cabochons), ornamental carvings, and historical artifacts. Due to its toughness, it was historically used for axe heads and weapons.
Geological facts
Jadeite is one of two minerals recognized as 'Jade' (the other being nephrite). 'Imperial Jade' is the most valuable variety, characterized by a translucent, emerald-green hue caused by chromium.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its extreme toughness, green color, and granular (sugary) texture compared to the smooth, fibrous texture of nephrite. It is commonly found in Myanmar (Burma), Guatemala, Japan, and California.
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