metamorphic
Jadeite (Jade)
Jadeite, NaAlSi2O6
Hardness: 6.5–7.0 (Mohs scale); Color: Emerald green, Mottled green/white; Luster: Vitreous to greasy; Crystal structure: Monoclinic; Cleavage: Good in two directions (though rarely seen in compact form); Specific gravity: 3.25–3.43.
- Hardness
- 6
- Color
- Emerald green, Mottled green/white
- Luster
- Vitreous to greasy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6.5–7.0 (Mohs scale); Color: Emerald green, Mottled green/white; Luster: Vitreous to greasy; Crystal structure: Monoclinic; Cleavage: Good in two directions (though rarely seen in compact form); Specific gravity: 3.25–3.43.
Formation & geological history
Formed in high-pressure, low-temperature metamorphic environments (subduction zones) where fluids interact with serpentinite. Majority of specimens date from the Mesozoic era.
Uses & applications
Predominantly used for high-end jewelry, ornamental carvings, and historical artifacts. In ancient times, it was used for axe heads due to its extreme toughness.
Geological facts
Known as the 'Stone of Heaven.' Burmese Jadeite is considered the most valuable in the world. It is one of two different minerals known as 'Jade'—the other being Nephrite.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its 'mottled' texture and oily feel. Field identification involves testing for extreme toughness (resistance to fracturing). Found primarily in Myanmar, Guatemala, and Japan.
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