mineral

Specular Hematite (Specularite)

Iron Oxide (Fe2O3)

Hardness: 5.5-6.5 Mohs; Color: Steel grey to black with a glittering metallic sheen; Luster: Metallic/Submetallic; Crystal Structure: Trigonal; Cleavage: None/Indistinct; Specific Gravity: 5.26

Hardness: 5
Color: Steel grey to black with a glittering metallic sheen
Luster: Metallic/Submetallic

Identified March 22, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 5.5-6.5 Mohs; Color: Steel grey to black with a glittering metallic sheen; Luster: Metallic/Submetallic; Crystal Structure: Trigonal; Cleavage: None/Indistinct; Specific Gravity: 5.26

Formation & geological history

Formed primarily in sedimentary environments through the precipitation of iron-rich waters, as well as in metamorphic rocks and magmatic hydrothermal veins. Most major deposits date back to the Precambrian era (eons ago).

Uses & applications

A primary ore of iron for steel production. In its specular form, it is used as an ornamental stone, for jewelry (especially beads), and as a mineral specimen for collectors.

Geological facts

The name 'Hematite' is derived from the Greek word 'haima' (blood), because it produces a rust-red streak when crushed or scratched against a ceramic plate. Specularite is specifically known for its 'sparkle' which comes from thousands of tiny micaceous flakes.

Field identification & locations

Can be identified in the field by its high density (heavy for its size), metallic luster, and its characteristic reddish-brown streak. Common locations include the Lake Superior region (USA), Brazil, and South Africa.