mineral

Red Garnet (likely Almandine or Pyrope)

Garnet group: X3Y2(SiO4)3 (e.g., Almandine: Fe3Al2Si3O12)

Hardness: 6.5-7.5 (Mohs scale), Color: Deep red to reddish-black, Luster: Vitreous to resinous, Crystal structure: Isometric/Cubic (often dodecahedral), Cleavage: None (subconchoidal fracture), Specific Gravity: 3.5-4.3

Hardness: 6

Identified April 20, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Formed primarily in metamorphic rocks like schist, gneiss, and granulite through high-pressure/high-temperature metamorphism of sedimentary or igneous rocks. Can also be found in igneous rocks like kimberlite or pegmatites.

Uses & applications

Used widely as gemstones in jewelry, as industrial abrasives for sandblasting and finishing, and in water filtration systems.

Geological facts

Garnets are the birthstone for January. While red is the most common color, they can actually be found in every color of the rainbow except blue (though rare color-shift garnets can appear blueish-green).

Field identification & locations

Identify by its deep red color and high hardness; it will scratch glass. In the field, look for well-defined 12-sided (dodecahedral) crystals in metamorphic outcrops or heavy dark-red sand in stream beds.

Other mineral specimens

See all

Sandstone (with potential mineral staining/concretions)

Arenite (SiO2 based)

sedimentary

Schist

Metamorphic

Epidote

Epidote | Ca2(Al2,Fe3+)(SiO4)(Si2O7)O(OH)

metamorphic

Nephrite Jade

Nephrite

Mineral/Rock

Banded Gneiss (River Rock/Pebble)

Gneiss (specifically a banded variety often found as a river rock)

Metamorphic Rock

Green Apatite on Albite

Fluorapatite [Ca5(PO4)3F] on Albite [Na(AlSi3O8)]

mineral