Chrysocolla

Physical Properties

Hardness: 2.5-3.5 (can be higher if silicated); Color: cyan, blue-green, green; Luster: Vitreous to dull; Crystal structure: Amorphous to Orthorhombic; Specific Gravity: 2.0-2.4

Formation & Geological History

Formed in the oxidation zones of copper ore bodies where copper-bearing solutions react with silica and aluminum. It is a secondary mineral of copper.

Uses & Applications

Used primarily as a minor copper ore, for ornamental carving, and in jewelry as a gemstone (often stabilized or as chrysocolla-in-chalcedony). Highly valued by mineral collectors.

Geological Facts

The name comes from the Greek 'chrysos' (gold) and 'kolla' (glue), referring to its ancient use as a flux for soldering gold. It is often found associated with malachite, azurite, and turquoise.

Field Identification & Locations

Identify by its characteristic vibrant blue-green color and its tendency to stick to the tongue due to its porous nature. Commonly found in copper mines in Arizona (USA), Chile, and the DRC.

Identified on: 5/2/2026

Mode: Standard