mineral
Diamond
Carbon (C)
Hardness: 10 (Mohs scale), Color: Colorless to faint yellow/brown (can be fancy colors), Luster: Adamantine, Crystal structure: Isometric-Hexoctahedral, Cleavage: Perfect octahedral, Specific Gravity: 3.52
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Physical properties
Hardness: 10 (Mohs scale), Color: Colorless to faint yellow/brown (can be fancy colors), Luster: Adamantine, Crystal structure: Isometric-Hexoctahedral, Cleavage: Perfect octahedral, Specific Gravity: 3.52
Formation & geological history
Formed under high temperature and pressure conditions deep in the Earth's mantle (100+ miles below the surface) and brought to the surface by kimberlite eruptions.
Uses & applications
Primarily used in high-end jewelry and industrial applications for cutting, grinding, and drilling due to extreme hardness.
Geological facts
Diamonds are the hardest natural substance on Earth. Most natural diamonds are between 1 billion and 3.5 billion years old.
Field identification & locations
Identified by its high refractive index, extreme hardness (it can scratch all other minerals), and adamantine luster. Commonly found in kimberlite pipes or alluvial deposits.
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