metamorphic
Jadeite (Nephrite)
Ca2(Mg,Fe)5Si8O22(OH)2
Hardness 6-6.5, Green to grey-green, Waxy to greasy luster, Monoclinic crystal system, Splintery fracture, High toughness
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Physical properties
Hardness 6-6.5, Green to grey-green, Waxy to greasy luster, Monoclinic crystal system, Splintery fracture, High toughness
Formation & geological history
Forms through high-pressure, low-temperature metamorphism typically in subduction zones involving serpentinite and ultramafic rocks.
Uses & applications
Used primarily for jewelry, ornamental carvings, and historical tool making due to its extreme toughness.
Geological facts
Nephrite jade is tougher than steel and has been used since the Neolithic age for axe heads and weapons.
Field identification & locations
Look for a soapy or waxy feel and extreme hardness. Often found as water-worn cobbles in rivers or beaches near metamorphic belts.
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