mineral

Pyrite

Iron Sulfide (FeS2)

Hardness: 6-6.5 on Mohs scale; Color: Pale brass-yellow to golden-yellow; Luster: Metallic; Crystal Structure: Isometric (often cubic or pyritohedral); Cleavage: Indistinct; Specific Gravity: 4.9-5.2

Hardness: 6-6
Color: Pale brass-yellow to golden-yellow
Luster: Metallic

Identified March 4, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 6-6.5 on Mohs scale; Color: Pale brass-yellow to golden-yellow; Luster: Metallic; Crystal Structure: Isometric (often cubic or pyritohedral); Cleavage: Indistinct; Specific Gravity: 4.9-5.2

Formation & geological history

Formed in high and low-temperature hydrothermal veins, as an accessory mineral in igneous rocks, and in sedimentary rocks (shale, coal) under reducing conditions. It is the most common sulfide mineral and can be found in rocks of all geological ages.

Uses & applications

Historically used as a source of sulfur and sulfuric acid. Today, it is used in the manufacture of batteries, as a semiconductor material, and as a popular specimen for collectors and jewelry (marcasite jewelry).

Geological facts

Commonly known as "Fool's Gold" because Its metallic luster and pale brass-yellow hue give it a superficial resemblance to gold. It sparks when struck against steel or flint, which made it useful in flintlock firearms.

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by its hardness (cannot be scratched by a knife, unlike gold) and its greenish-black streak when rubbed on a porcelain plate. Common locations include Peru, Spain, Italy, and various mines across the United States. It is often found in association with quartz and other sulfides.