metamorphic
Marble
Recrystallized Calcite / Dolomite (CaCO3)
Hardness: 3 on Mohs scale; Color: White to pale pink with grey veins (mica/graphite impurities); Luster: Vitreous to pearly; Crystal structure: Trigonal/Hexagonal; Cleavage: Perfect rhombohedral
- Hardness
- 3 on Mohs scale
- Luster
- Vitreous to pearly
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Physical properties
Hardness: 3 on Mohs scale; Color: White to pale pink with grey veins (mica/graphite impurities); Luster: Vitreous to pearly; Crystal structure: Trigonal/Hexagonal; Cleavage: Perfect rhombohedral
Formation & geological history
Formed through the regional or contact metamorphism of sedimentary carbonate rocks (limestone or dolostone) under high heat and pressure. This recrystallization creates an interlocking mosaic of carbonate crystals.
Uses & applications
Extensively used in construction for flooring and countertops, sculpture, architecture, and as an industrial filler. It is also ground up for use in pharmaceuticals and agriculture to neutralize acids.
Geological facts
Pure white marble is the result of metamorphism of a very pure limestone precursor. The characteristic swirls and veins of many colored marble varieties are usually due to various mineral impurities such as clay, silt, sand, or iron oxides.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its softness (can be scratched by a copper penny or steel knife) and its reaction to dilute hydrochloric acid (it will effervesce). Common in mountain ranges like the Alps or Appalachians.
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