metamorphic
Quartz Vein in Host Rock
Quartz (SiO2) in metamorphic host rock (likely schist or phyllite)
Hardness: 7 for quartz, 3-4 for host rock; Color: White/clear quartz in dark grey/black host with iron staining; Luster: Vitreous quartz, dull host; Crystal Structure: Hexagonal quartz; Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture).
- Hardness
- 7 for quartz, 3-4 for host rock
- Luster
- Vitreous quartz, dull host
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Physical properties
Hardness: 7 for quartz, 3-4 for host rock; Color: White/clear quartz in dark grey/black host with iron staining; Luster: Vitreous quartz, dull host; Crystal Structure: Hexagonal quartz; Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture).
Formation & geological history
Formed via hydrothermal activity where mineral-rich hot water fills fractures in host rock, typically during regional metamorphism or tectonic activity. Late Paleozoic to Mesozoic common ages.
Uses & applications
Host rocks for precious metals like gold/silver; industrial quartz used in glass and electronics; common for amateur mineral collecting.
Geological facts
Quartz veins are often the primary source of 'lode gold.' The rusty red-brown staining is usually limonite or hematite resulting from the oxidation of iron-bearing minerals.
Field identification & locations
Identify by the white crystalline band contrasting against dark, foliated rock. Found in mountain ranges and metamorphic belts. Use a scratch test to confirm quartz hardness.
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