Quartz (Yellow/Citrine variety)

Physical Properties

Hardness: 7 on Mohs scale; Color: Pale yellow to golden brown; Luster: Vitreous/glassy; Crystal Structure: Hexagonal (trigonal); Cleavage: Indistinct/Conchoidal fracture; Specific gravity: 2.65.

Formation & Geological History

Formed in igneous and metamorphic rocks, as well as in hydrothermal veins. Yellow varieties often occur when amethyst or smoky quartz is naturally heated by geothermal activity.

Uses & Applications

Used in jewelry, crystal healing, watch making (piezoelectric properties), and glass manufacturing.

Geological Facts

Natural yellow citrine is relatively rare; most commercial citrine is actually heat-treated amethyst. It is known as the 'Success Stone' in folklore.

Field Identification & Locations

Identify by its hardness (will scratch glass), lack of cleavage, and translucent yellow color. Commonly found in Brazil, Madagascar, and Russia.

Identified on: 4/30/2026

Mode: Standard