mineral

Rough Diamond

Diamond (C)

Hardness: 10 (Mohs scale), Color: Colorless to pale yellowish/brownish, Luster: Adamantine to greasy, Crystal structure: Isometric-hexoctahedral, Cleavage: Octahedral, Specific Gravity: 3.52

Identified April 12, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 10 (Mohs scale), Color: Colorless to pale yellowish/brownish, Luster: Adamantine to greasy, Crystal structure: Isometric-hexoctahedral, Cleavage: Octahedral, Specific Gravity: 3.52

Formation & geological history

Formed at high pressure and temperature in the Earth's mantle (140-190 km deep). Transported to the surface by kimberlite and lamproite pipes through deep-origin volcanic eruptions.

Uses & applications

Used in high-quality jewelry (engagement rings), industrial abrasives, cutting tools, and heat sinks in electronics due to high thermal conductivity.

Geological facts

Diamonds are the hardest known natural material. Most natural diamonds are between 1 billion and 3.5 billion years old. The name comes from the Greek word 'adamas', meaning unbreakable.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its extreme hardness (cannot be scratched by any other mineral), greasy luster on rough surfaces, and isometric crystal growth (often octahedral). Commonly found in alluvial deposits and kimberlite pipes.