metamorphic
Marble
Recrystallized Calcite (CaCO3)
Hardness: 3 on Mohs scale; Color: White with grey veining; Luster: Subvitreous to pearly; Crystal structure: Trigonal/Rhombohedral; Cleavage: Perfect rhombohedral (in mineral form); Specific gravity: 2.7
- Hardness
- 3 on Mohs scale
- Color
- White with grey veining
- Luster
- Subvitreous to pearly
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Physical properties
Hardness: 3 on Mohs scale; Color: White with grey veining; Luster: Subvitreous to pearly; Crystal structure: Trigonal/Rhombohedral; Cleavage: Perfect rhombohedral (in mineral form); Specific gravity: 2.7
Formation & geological history
Formed when limestone is subjected to the heat and pressure of metamorphism. It is composed primarily of the mineral calcite. Formation occurs over millions of years along convergent plate boundaries.
Uses & applications
Extensively used for luxury countertops, flooring, flooring tiles, architectural sculpture, and as a calcium supplement in livestock feed.
Geological facts
Pure white marble is the result of metamorphism of very pure limestone. The characteristic swirls and veins of many colored marble varieties are usually due to various mineral impurities such as clay, silt, sand, or iron oxides.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its softness (can be scratched by a metal blade) and its reaction to dilute acid (it will effervesce). Common in Italy (Carrara), Greece, and Vermont.
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