Quartz (Milk/Citrine variety)

Physical Properties

Hardness: 7 (Mohs scale), Color: Creamy white to pale yellowish-tan, Luster: Vitreous to waxy, Crystal Structure: Hexagonal (trigonal), Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture), Specific Gravity: 2.65

Formation & Geological History

Formed through the cooling of silica-rich magma or from hydrothermal veins. It can be found in a wide variety of igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary environments throughout almost all geological ages.

Uses & Applications

Used widely in glassmaking, electronics (piezoelectric properties), abrasives, and as a semi-precious gemstone in jewelry or for decorative collection.

Geological Facts

Quartz is the second most abundant mineral in Earth's continental crust. Its name comes from the German word 'quarz', which likely has Slavic origins meaning 'hard'.

Field Identification & Locations

Identify by its hardness (it will scratch glass) and lack of cleavage (it breaks in irregular, shell-like curves). Common in riverbeds and mountainous terrain worldwide.

Identified on: 4/15/2026

Mode: Standard