igneous
Granite
Phaneritic Felsic Intrusive Igneous Rock
Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale; Color: salt-and-pepper (white, gray, black, with small red specks); Luster: Vitreous to dull; Crystal structure: Phaneritic (coarse-grained crystals visible to the naked eye); Specific gravity: 2.63 to 2.75
- Hardness
- 6-7 on Mohs scale
- Color
- salt-and-pepper (white, gray, black, with small red specks)
- Luster
- Vitreous to dull
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale; Color: salt-and-pepper (white, gray, black, with small red specks); Luster: Vitreous to dull; Crystal structure: Phaneritic (coarse-grained crystals visible to the naked eye); Specific gravity: 2.63 to 2.75
Formation & geological history
Formed from the slow crystallization of magma below Earth's surface. This specimen shows a typical intrusive texture formed over millions of years within the continental crust.
Uses & applications
Extensively used in construction for countertops, floor tiles, paving stone, curbing, and monuments. Also used as crushed stone for road base.
Geological facts
Granite is the most common igneous rock found at Earth's surface and makes up a large portion of the continental crust. It is primarily composed of quartz and feldspar with minor amounts of mica and amphiboles.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its speckled 'salt and pepper' appearance and visible interlocking crystals of quartz (clear/gray) and feldspar (white). Often found in mountain ranges and eroded shield areas.
