mineral

Amethyst

Amethyst (Silicon Dioxide SiO2 + Fe4+)

Hardness: 7 (Mohs scale). Color: Purple, violet, or lavender. Luster: Vitreous (glassy). Crystal Structure: Hexagonal (trigonal) prisms. Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture). Specific Gravity: 2.65.

Hardness: 7 (Mohs scale)
Color: Purple, violet, or lavender
Luster: Vitreous (glassy)

Identified April 6, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 7 (Mohs scale). Color: Purple, violet, or lavender. Luster: Vitreous (glassy). Crystal Structure: Hexagonal (trigonal) prisms. Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture). Specific Gravity: 2.65.

Formation & geological history

Formed in hydrothermal veins and basaltic geodes. Its purple color comes from irradiation, iron impurities, and the presence of trace elements. It is found in deposits dating from the Precambrian to the Cenozoic eras.

Uses & applications

Primarily used in jewelry (as a gemstone), ornamental carvings, and by mineral collectors. Historically used as a protective amulet against intoxication.

Geological facts

The name comes from the Ancient Greek word 'amethystos', meaning 'not intoxicated', referencing the belief that the stone protected its owner from drunkenness. It is the birthstone for February.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its distinctive purple color and hardness (it will scratch glass). Commonly found in Brazil, Uruguay, Zambia, and South Korea. To identify in the field, look for hexagonal crystal points in geodes or massive forms with white quartz banding.