mineral

Rough Emerald

Beryl (Be3Al2(SiO3)6 with Chromium/Vanadium impurities)

Hardness: 7.5-8.0 on Mohs scale; Color: Vivid green to bluish-green; Luster: Vitreous; Crystal structure: Hexagonal; Cleavage: Poor/Indistinct; Specific Gravity: 2.67-2.78.

Hardness: 7
Color: Vivid green to bluish-green
Luster: Vitreous

Identified March 13, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 7.5-8.0 on Mohs scale; Color: Vivid green to bluish-green; Luster: Vitreous; Crystal structure: Hexagonal; Cleavage: Poor/Indistinct; Specific Gravity: 2.67-2.78.

Formation & geological history

Formed in pegmatites or hydrothermal veins where beryllium-rich fluids interact with chromium or vanadium-bearing host rocks. Sources range from hundreds of millions of years old (Precambrian) to more recent tectonic events.

Uses & applications

Primarily used in high-end jewelry as a gemstone. Rough specimens are highly sought after by mineral collectors for their natural aesthetic and crystal habit.

Geological facts

Emeralds are often 'oiled' to fill surface-reaching fissures and improve clarity. The unique internal inclusions are often referred to as a 'jardin' (garden) by gemologists.

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by its distinct green color and hexagonal prismatic crystal shape. Key locations include Colombia (Muzo/Chivor), Zambia, Brazil, and Ethiopia. Look for the 'mousetail' inclusions under magnification as a diagnostic sign.

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