Mineraloid
Amber
Succinite (specifically for Baltic Amber), Formula: C10H16O
Hardness: 2.0-2.5 on Mohs scale; Color: honey-yellow, orange, brown; Luster: Resinous; Structure: Amorphous (non-crystalline); Fracture: Conchoidal; Specific Gravity: 1.05-1.10 (floats in saltwater).
- Hardness
- 2
- Color
- honey-yellow, orange, brown
- Luster
- Resinous
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Physical properties
Hardness: 2.0-2.5 on Mohs scale; Color: honey-yellow, orange, brown; Luster: Resinous; Structure: Amorphous (non-crystalline); Fracture: Conchoidal; Specific Gravity: 1.05-1.10 (floats in saltwater).
Formation & geological history
Fossilized tree resin from ancient coniferous and angiosperm trees. Baltic amber is approximately 35-50 million years old (Eocene epoch), formed in marine sedimentary environments after resin was washed into the sea.
Uses & applications
Primary use in jewelry and decorative arts. Historically used in perfumes, folk medicine, and as an ingredient in early varnishes. High value for scientific research when preserving botanical or insect inclusions.
Geological facts
Amber is organic, not a true mineral. It is famous for trapping prehistoric insects, spiders, and plant DNA with incredible preservation. The 'Amber Room' in Russia is one of the most famous historical uses of the material.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its warmth to the touch (unlike cold glass/stone) and its ability to float in highly saturated saltwater. Commonly found along the Baltic Sea coasts (Poland, Lithuania, Russia), the Dominican Republic, and Myanmar.
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