mineral

Amethyst

Amethyst (Silicon Dioxide, SiO2)

Hardness: 7 (Mohs scale); Color: Purple, violet, or lavender; Luster: Vitreous (glassy); Crystal Structure: Hexagonal (trigonal); Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture); Specific Gravity: 2.65

Hardness: 7 (Mohs scale)
Color: Purple, violet, or lavender
Luster: Vitreous (glassy)

Identified May 30, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 7 (Mohs scale); Color: Purple, violet, or lavender; Luster: Vitreous (glassy); Crystal Structure: Hexagonal (trigonal); Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture); Specific Gravity: 2.65

Formation & geological history

Forms in volcanic rocks (basalt) or cavities (geodes) where silica-rich fluids permeate and cool over time. The purple color is caused by irradiation, iron impurities, and the presence of trace elements.

Uses & applications

Predominantly used as a gemstone for jewelry, ornamental carving, and architectural decor. It is also highly popular as a metaphysical healing stone and for personal mineral collections.

Geological facts

Amethyst was considered one of the five cardinal gemstones until the discovery of large deposits in Brazil in the 18th century. Its name comes from the Greek word 'amethystos', meaning 'not intoxicated', based on the ancient belief that it prevented drunkenness.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its distinctive purple color and lack of cleavage (it breaks with a curved, shell-like pattern). It is commonly found in Brazil, Uruguay, and parts of North America. When collecting, look for crystals with deep saturation and minimal inclusions.