mineral

Sulfur (with Matrix)

Native Sulfur (S8)

Hardness: 1.5-2.5 on Mohs scale; Color: Bright yellow to greenish-yellow; Luster: Resinous to greasy; Crystal Structure: Orthorhombic; Cleavage: Imperfect; Specific Gravity: 2.07

Hardness: 1
Color: Bright yellow to greenish-yellow
Luster: Resinous to greasy

Identified June 23, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 1.5-2.5 on Mohs scale; Color: Bright yellow to greenish-yellow; Luster: Resinous to greasy; Crystal Structure: Orthorhombic; Cleavage: Imperfect; Specific Gravity: 2.07

Formation & geological history

Formed primarily through sublimation from volcanic gases or as a byproduct of bacterial breakdown of sulfate minerals (like gypsum) in sedimentary salt domes. It is often found in volcanic fumaroles and evaporite deposits.

Uses & applications

Extensively used in the production of sulfuric acid, fertilizers, gunpowder, matches, insecticides, and in the vulcanization of rubber. High-quality crystals are valued by mineral collectors.

Geological facts

Sulfur is known for its distinct 'rotten egg' smell when burned or combined with hydrogen. In historical texts, it was referred to as 'brimstone.' It is essential for all living organisms as it is a component of certain amino acids.

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by its vivid yellow color, low melting point, and the faint odor of sulfur dioxide when handled. Common locations include Sicily (Italy), Texas/Louisiana (USA), and various volcanic regions like Indonesia and Iceland.