mineral
Rhodonite
Manganese Silicate (Mn,Fe,Mg,Ca)SiO3
Hardness: 5.5-6.5 Mohs; Color: Rose-pink to brownish red with black manganese oxide inclusions/veins; Luster: Vitreous to pearly; Crystal structure: Triclinic; Cleavage: Perfect; Specific gravity: 3.5-3.7
- Hardness
- 5
- Luster
- Vitreous to pearly
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Physical properties
Hardness: 5.5-6.5 Mohs; Color: Rose-pink to brownish red with black manganese oxide inclusions/veins; Luster: Vitreous to pearly; Crystal structure: Triclinic; Cleavage: Perfect; Specific gravity: 3.5-3.7
Formation & geological history
Forms in metamorphic rocks associated with manganese-rich ores, hydrothermal replacement, or contact metamorphism. It is often found as a secondary mineral produced by the alteration of other manganese minerals.
Uses & applications
Used primarily as a gemstone for jewelry (cabochons, beads), decorative carvings, lapidary art, and as a minor ore of manganese.
Geological facts
The black dendritic patterns found in Rhodonite are manganese oxide veins, which create a high-contrast appearance highly sought after by collectors. It is the official state gemstone of Massachusetts, USA.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its characteristic 'pink-and-black' appearance and high hardness compared to Rhodochrosite (which is softer and fizzes in acid). Commonly found in Russia, Australia, Brazil, Canada, and the USA.
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