metamorphic
Jadeite
Jadeite (NaAlSi2O6)
Hardness: 6.5–7.0 (Mohs scale); Color: Pale green to emerald green, also white or lavender; Luster: Vitreous to greasy; Crystal structure: Monoclinic; Cleavage: Good in two directions at nearly 90 degrees; Specific Gravity: 3.25–3.35
- Hardness
- 6
- Color
- Pale green to emerald green, also white or lavender
- Luster
- Vitreous to greasy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6.5–7.0 (Mohs scale); Color: Pale green to emerald green, also white or lavender; Luster: Vitreous to greasy; Crystal structure: Monoclinic; Cleavage: Good in two directions at nearly 90 degrees; Specific Gravity: 3.25–3.35
Formation & geological history
Jadeite forms in high-pressure, low-temperature metamorphic environments, typically in subduction zones where oceanic plates meet continental plates. It is commonly found in serpentinite rocks and can range in age from hundreds of millions of years to more recent Cenozoic formations.
Uses & applications
Primarily used for ornamental jewelry, high-end gemstone carvings, and historical artifacts. In ancient cultures, it was also used for tool making (axes) due to its extreme toughness/tenacity.
Geological facts
Jadeite is one of two minerals known as 'Jade' (the other being Nephrite). The most prized variety is 'Imperial Jade,' a translucent emerald-green caused by chromium. It is much rarer and more valuable than Nephrite.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its high density (feels heavy for its size) and extreme toughness—it is very difficult to break. It often has a grainy, 'interwoven' appearance under magnification. Major sources include Myanmar (Burma), Guatemala, Russia, and Japan.
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