mineral

Barite

Barium Sulfate (BaSO4)

Hardness: 3-3.5 (Mohs); Color: High transparency to white, grey, or brown tinting; Luster: Vitreous to pearly; Crystal structure: Orthorhombic; Specific Gravity: 4.5 (notably heavy for a non-metallic mineral).

Hardness: 3-3
Color: High transparency to white, grey, or brown tinting
Luster: Vitreous to pearly

Identified March 6, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Formed through hydrothermal processes in vein deposits, often associated with lead and zinc ores, or as concretions in sedimentary rocks like limestone and sandstone.

Uses & applications

Primary source of barium; used in drilling muds for oil and gas wells, as a filler in paper and plastics, and as a radiopaque agent in medical 'barium meals' for X-rays.

Geological facts

The name is derived from the Greek word 'barys' meaning 'heavy' due to its unusually high density. It is often found in 'Desert Rose' formations when mixed with sand sand.

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by its high weight (specific gravity) and lack of reaction to acid. Commonly found in locations like Morocco, China, and the USA (Georgia, Nevada). Watch for the characteristic bladed crystal habit.