sedimentary

Sandstone (Quartz-rich)

Arenite (SiO2 based)

Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale (due to quartz content); Color: Tan, buff, or light brown; Luster: Dull or earthy; Crystal structure: Clastic (grainy); Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8

Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale (due to quartz content)
Color: Tan, buff, or light brown
Luster: Dull or earthy

Identified April 17, 2026More sedimentary →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale (due to quartz content); Color: Tan, buff, or light brown; Luster: Dull or earthy; Crystal structure: Clastic (grainy); Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8

Formation & geological history

Formed through the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized mineral grains or rock fragments, typically in environments like deserts, river deltas, or beaches. Geological age can range from Precambrian to Holocene.

Uses & applications

Extensively used in construction as a building stone and paving material. Crushed sandstone is used in road bases. High-purity versions are used in glass manufacturing.

Geological facts

Sandstone accounts for about 20-25% of all sedimentary rocks in the Earth's crust. It is a major reservoir for groundwater, oil, and natural gas due to its porosity.

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by its gritty 'sandpaper' feel. It often exhibits visible layers (bedding planes). Collectors should look for unique cross-bedding or fossil inclusions.