mineral

Peridot

Olivine (Mg, Fe)₂SiO₄

Hardness: 6.5–7.0 (Mohs scale), Color: Olive-green to lime-green, Luster: Vitreous (glassy), Crystal system: Orthorhombic, Specific gravity: 3.2–4.3, Cleavage: Poor

Hardness: 6

Identified April 14, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 6.5–7.0 (Mohs scale), Color: Olive-green to lime-green, Luster: Vitreous (glassy), Crystal system: Orthorhombic, Specific gravity: 3.2–4.3, Cleavage: Poor

Formation & geological history

Formed deep in the Earth's mantle and brought to the surface by volcanic activity; occasionally found in pallasite meteorites. It is the gem-quality variety of the mineral Olivine.

Uses & applications

Primarily used as a gemstone in jewelry (rings, necklaces, earrings). It is the birthstone for the month of August.

Geological facts

Peridot is one of the few gemstones that occurs in only one color: green. Some peridots have been found in meteorites, meaning they originated from outer space. Historically, it was often confused with emerald.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its distinctive olive-green color and strong double refraction (look for doubling of facet edges through the stone). Common locations include Arizona (USA), Pakistan, Myanmar, and China.