mineral

Botryoidal Hematite

Hematite (Iron(III) oxide, Fe2O3)

Hardness: 5.5-6.5 on Mohs scale; Color: Reddish-brown to metallic black; Luster: Metallic to dull/earthy; Crystal Structure: Trigonal; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 4.9-5.3; Streak: Typically cherry red to reddish-brown.

Hardness: 5
Color: Reddish-brown to metallic black
Luster: Metallic to dull/earthy

Identified May 25, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Formed as a secondary mineral through precipitation from hydrothermal fluids or by the weathering of iron-rich rocks. Botryoidal (grape-like) forms often occur in cavities within sedimentary rocks or as replacement deposits.

Uses & applications

Primary ore of iron and steel production. Also used in polishing compounds (jeweller's rouge), pigments, and as a popular semi-precious gemstone and collector's specimen.

Geological facts

The term 'Hematite' is derived from the Greek word 'haima' for blood, due to the red color of its streak. Interestingly, hematite was found on Mars by the Opportunity rover, suggesting liquid water once existed there.

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by its distinct botryoidal (bumpy/nodular) habit and high density for its size. The cherry-red streak test is the best way to confirm it against similar-looking minerals like goethite. Found globally in locations like Brazil, Morocco, UK, and USA (Lake Superior region).

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