mineral

Citrine

Silicon dioxide (SiO2)

Hardness: 7 on Mohs scale; Color: Yellow to brownish-orange; Luster: Vitreous (glassy); Crystal structure: Hexagonal; Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture); Specific gravity: 2.65

Hardness: 7 on Mohs scale
Color: Yellow to brownish-orange
Luster: Vitreous (glassy)

Identified June 24, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 7 on Mohs scale; Color: Yellow to brownish-orange; Luster: Vitreous (glassy); Crystal structure: Hexagonal; Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture); Specific gravity: 2.65

Formation & geological history

Forms in igneous and metamorphic rocks, particularly in pegmatites and hydrothermal veins. Its yellow color is derived from ferric iron impurities within the quartz crystal lattice.

Uses & applications

Used primarily in jewelry as a gemstone, decorative carvings, and by crystal collectors for aesthetic and metaphysical purposes.

Geological facts

Natural citrine is quite rare; most 'citrine' available on the market is actually heat-treated amethyst or smoky quartz. It is known as the 'Success Stone' or 'Merchant's Stone' in various cultures.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its hardness (scratches glass), glass-like luster, and absence of cleavage. Found in Brazil, Madagascar, and Russia; look for its distinctive yellow hue and conchoidal fractures.