mineral

Red Jasper

Jasper (Silicon Dioxide with Iron Oxide inclusions, SiO2 + Fe2O3)

Hardness: 6.5-7 (Mohs); Color: Opaque brick red to brownish-red; Luster: Vitreous to waxy; Crystal structure: Trigonal/Microcrystalline; Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture); Specific gravity: 2.58-2.91

Hardness: 6
Color: Opaque brick red to brownish-red
Luster: Vitreous to waxy

Identified March 15, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Formed through the deposition of silica from water or hydrothermal fluids into rock cavities or through the alteration of volcanic ash. Its red color comes from high concentrations of hematite (iron oxide). It can be found in geological formations ranging from the Precambrian to recent eras.

Uses & applications

Commonly used in jewelry (beads, cabochons), lapidary arts, decorative ornaments, and widely collected by enthusiasts for its astrological and metaphysical associations.

Geological facts

Jasper has been used as a gemstone for thousands of years; it was a favorite in the ancient world, appearing on the breastplate of the High Priest in Biblical descriptions. It is a variety of chalcedony that is made opaque by its mineral impurities.

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by its matte-to-shiny waxy appearance, deep red color, and lack of transparency (unlike carnelian). It is commonly found in India, Brazil, Madagascar, and the Southwestern USA. Collectors look for smooth, polished surfaces and deep, consistent color.

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