Rock Identifier
Pyrite (on the right) and Magnetite or Hematite (on the left) (Iron Sulfide (FeS2) and Iron Oxide (Fe3O4 or Fe2O3)) — mineral
mineral

Pyrite (on the right) and Magnetite or Hematite (on the left)

Iron Sulfide (FeS2) and Iron Oxide (Fe3O4 or Fe2O3)

Pyrite: Hardness 6-6.5, brassy-yellow color, metallic luster, isometric crystal structure. Magnetite: Hardness 5.5-6.5, black color, metallic/sub-metallic luster, strongly magnetic.

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Physical properties

Pyrite: Hardness 6-6.5, brassy-yellow color, metallic luster, isometric crystal structure. Magnetite: Hardness 5.5-6.5, black color, metallic/sub-metallic luster, strongly magnetic.

Formation & geological history

Pyrite forms in various geological environments including hydrothermal veins, sedimentary rocks, and metamorphic deposits across all geological ages. Magnetite often forms in igneous rocks via magmatic segregation and in metamorphic deposits.

Uses & applications

Pyrite is used as a source of sulfur and in the production of sulfuric acid; also used as a gemstone. Magnetite is a major iron ore used in steel production and for magnetic recording media.

Geological facts

Pyrite is famously known as 'Fool's Gold' due to its resemblance to real gold. Magnetite is naturally magnetic and historically known as 'lodestone,' which was used to create the first compasses.

Field identification & locations

Identify Pyrite by its greenish-black streak and brittle fracture. Identify Magnetite using a magnet. Common locations include Peru, Spain (Rio Tinto), and the USA (Arizona, Pennsylvania).

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