mineral

Citrine

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Hardness: 7 on Mohs scale; Color: Pale yellow to golden-brown; Luster: Vitreous; Crystal Structure: Hexagonal (trigonal); Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture); Specific Gravity: 2.65

Hardness: 7 on Mohs scale
Color: Pale yellow to golden-brown
Luster: Vitreous

Identified June 24, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 7 on Mohs scale; Color: Pale yellow to golden-brown; Luster: Vitreous; Crystal Structure: Hexagonal (trigonal); Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture); Specific Gravity: 2.65

Formation & geological history

Forms in igneous rocks like rhydolites and pegmatites through the crystallization of silica-rich solutions. Natural citrine is rare and often forms when amethyst is heated by nearby geothermal heat sources.

Uses & applications

Primarily used in jewelry as a gemstone, as well as for lapidary work and metaphysical collections. It is known as the 'Success Stone' in various cultures.

Geological facts

Most commercial citrine is actually heat-treated amethyst or smoky quartz. Natural citrine typically has a pale yellow color, whereas treated stones often have a reddish-orange tint.

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by its transparency, hardness, and lack of cleavage. Common sources include Brazil, Madagascar, and Russia. Collectors should look for even color distribution and clarity.