Granite

Physical Properties

Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale; Color: Mottled white, gray, and black (salt and pepper); Luster: Dull to vitreous; Crystal structure: Phaneritic (coarse-grained visible crystals); Cleavage: Distinct in feldspar grains; Specific gravity: 2.63 - 2.75

Formation & Geological History

Formed from the slow crystallization of magma below the Earth's surface. It is a plutonic rock found in continental crust and often dates back hundreds of millions to billions of years.

Uses & Applications

Extensively used in construction for countertops, floor tiles, paving stones, curbing, and monuments due to its durability and aesthetic appeal.

Geological Facts

Granite makes up a large portion of the Earth's continental crust. It is one of the hardest natural stones in the world and has been used in construction since Ancient Egypt.

Field Identification & Locations

Identify in the field by its speckled 'salt and pepper' appearance and visible interlocking crystals of quartz, feldspar, and mica. Found globally in mountainous regions and continental shields.

Identified on: 4/23/2026

Mode: Standard