Sandstone (likely Calcareous or Micaceous)

Physical Properties

Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale (for grains), 2-3 (for cement); Color: Tan, beige, light brown; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal Structure: Clastic (granular texture); Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.0-2.6

Formation & Geological History

Formed from the accumulation and lithification of sand-sized mineral grains or rock fragments, typically through the process of compaction and cementation in marine, river, or desert environments.

Uses & Applications

Commonly used in construction as building stone, flagstone, and as a source for silica in glass manufacturing. Also used for decorative purposes.

Geological Facts

Sandstone makes up about 20-25% of all sedimentary rocks on Earth. The famous Red Rocks in Colorado and the Treasury at Petra in Jordan are carved from or comprised of sandstone.

Field Identification & Locations

Identify by its 'sandpaper' feel and visible grains. In the field, look for bedding planes or layers. It is ubiquitous in sedimentary basins worldwide.

Identified on: 4/14/2026

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