sedimentary
Sandstone
Clastic Sedimentary Rock (composed of SiO2 grains)
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale); Color: White, tan, or light grey; Luster: Dull to earthy; Crystal structure: Granular/Clastic; Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8
- Hardness
- 6-7 (Mohs scale)
- Color
- White, tan, or light grey
- Luster
- Dull to earthy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale); Color: White, tan, or light grey; Luster: Dull to earthy; Crystal structure: Granular/Clastic; Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8
Formation & geological history
Formed through the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized mineral particles (usually quartz or feldspar) in environments like river beds, deserts, or beaches over millions of years.
Uses & applications
Commonly used as a building material, in decorative masonry, as an abrasive in glass making, and for ornamental garden stones.
Geological facts
Sandstone can preserve fossilized footprints and ripple marks from ancient environments. It is one of the most common sedimentary rocks on Earth's crust.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its 'sandpaper' texture and visible grains. It can be scratched by a steel file but not easily by a fingernail. Often found in layered outcrops or as weathered river pebbles.
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