metamorphic
Jadeite Jade
NaAlSi2O6 (Sodium Aluminum Silicate)
Hardness: 6.5–7.0 (Mohs scale); Color: Emerald green (Imperial), mottled greens; Luster: Vitreous to greasy; Crystal structure: Monoclinic; Cleavage: Two directions (rarely seen in massive forms); Specific Gravity: 3.25–3.35
- Hardness
- 6
- Color
- Emerald green (Imperial), mottled greens
- Luster
- Vitreous to greasy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6.5–7.0 (Mohs scale); Color: Emerald green (Imperial), mottled greens; Luster: Vitreous to greasy; Crystal structure: Monoclinic; Cleavage: Two directions (rarely seen in massive forms); Specific Gravity: 3.25–3.35
Formation & geological history
Formed under high-pressure, low-temperature metamorphic conditions typical of subduction zones. Most deposits date from the Mesozoic to Cenozoic eras. It is often found as river-worn boulders or in serpentinite deposits.
Uses & applications
Predominantly used in fine jewelry, ornamental carvings, and cultural artifacts. Historically used for axe heads and weapons due to its extreme toughness/tenacity.
Geological facts
Jadeite is one of two minerals known as jade (the other being Nephrite). The deep emerald green 'Imperial Jade' color is caused by traces of chromium. It is much rarer and more valuable than nephrite.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its 'mottled' internal structure (fibrous/granular interlocking crystals) and high density. It feels heavy for its size and stays cool to the touch. Commonly found in Myanmar (Burma), Guatemala, and Japan.
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