metamorphic
Marble
Recrystallized Calcite (CaCO3)
Hardness: 3 on Mohs scale; Color: typically white, gray, or bluish; Luster: vitreous to pearly; Crystal structure: Trigonal/Hexagonal (recrystallized); Cleavage: Perfect rhombohedral in individual grains; Specific gravity: 2.7
- Hardness
- 3 on Mohs scale
- Color
- typically white, gray, or bluish
- Luster
- vitreous to pearly
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Physical properties
Hardness: 3 on Mohs scale; Color: typically white, gray, or bluish; Luster: vitreous to pearly; Crystal structure: Trigonal/Hexagonal (recrystallized); Cleavage: Perfect rhombohedral in individual grains; Specific gravity: 2.7
Formation & geological history
Formed when limestone is subjected to the high heat and pressure of metamorphism. This process causes the calcite grains to recrystallize and interlock, often obliterating original fossils or sedimentary textures. It can range from Precambrian to Mesozoic in age.
Uses & applications
Extensively used in construction (tiles, countertops), sculpture due to its soft texture and translucency, and industrial applications as a source of calcium carbonate or agricultural lime.
Geological facts
Marble is famous for its use in Renaissance art, such as Michelangelo's David. In geology, the term 'marble' is strictly reserved for metamorphosed limestone, though in the stone industry, any polishable carbonate rock is often called marble.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its sugary (granular) texture and its reaction (effervescence) when exposed to a drop of dilute hydrochloric acid. It is much softer than quartz or granite, making it easy to scratch with a copper penny or steel blade.
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