mineral

Fluorite (Rainbow Fluorite)

Calcium Fluoride (CaF2)

Hardness: 4 on Mohs scale; Color: Green and purple banding (multi-colored); Luster: Vitreous (glassy); Crystal Structure: Cubic/Isometric; Cleavage: Perfect octahedral; Specific Gravity: 3.175–3.184.

Hardness: 4 on Mohs scale
Color: Green and purple banding (multi-colored)
Luster: Vitreous (glassy)

Identified March 18, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Formed in hydrothermal veins often associated with metallic ores. It can occur in sedimentary rocks as a primary mineral or in igneous environments as a late-stage crystallization product. Deposits range from hundreds of millions of years old to relatively young geological formations.

Uses & applications

Used in the manufacture of steel, enamel, and hydrofluoric acid. In optics, high-purity fluorite is used for specialized lenses. Gemological/Collector use includes carvings (like this heart), beads, and ornamental specimens.

Geological facts

Fluorite is the origin of the term 'fluorescence' because many specimens glow under ultraviolet light. It is often called 'the most colorful mineral in the world' because it originates in almost every shade of the rainbow.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its distinct cubic habit or octahedral cleavage and its relatively low hardness (it can be scratched by a knife or glass but not a copper penny). Commonly found in China, Mexico, South Africa, and the USA (Illinois/Kentucky). Collectors should avoid keeping it in direct sunlight as colors can fade.

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