metamorphic
Schist
Mica Schist
Hardness: 3.5-4; Color: Silvery-gray, brownish-gold when weathered; Luster: Submetallic, shimmering (schistose); Structure: Foliated with visible mineral grains; Cleavage: Excellent basal cleavage in mica components.
- Hardness
- 3
- Color
- Silvery-gray, brownish-gold when weathered
- Luster
- Submetallic, shimmering (schistose)
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Physical properties
Hardness: 3.5-4; Color: Silvery-gray, brownish-gold when weathered; Luster: Submetallic, shimmering (schistose); Structure: Foliated with visible mineral grains; Cleavage: Excellent basal cleavage in mica components.
Formation & geological history
Formed through the regional metamorphism of shale or mudstone at medium grades of pressure and temperature. Micas (muscovite/biotite) align perpendicular to pressure, creating the characteristic shine.
Uses & applications
Used as decorative stone in architecture, garden flagstones, and historically as a medium for carving. Occasionally used for building foundations where strength is secondary to availability.
Geological facts
The word 'schist' comes from the Greek 'schizein', meaning 'to split'. This refers to its tendency to break easily along the planes of mica alignment. It is the intermediate stage between phyllite and gneiss.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its distinct sparkle (micaceous sheen) and visible parallel layers of minerals. It is much coarser than slate or phyllite and will flake off in thin sheets when struck.
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