mineral

Fluorite

Calcium fluoride (CaF2)

Hardness: 4 on Mohs scale; Color: Purple, green, clear, or multi-colored; Luster: Vitreous; Crystal system: Isometric/Cubic; Cleavage: Perfect octahedral; Specific gravity: 3.175–3.184

Hardness: 4 on Mohs scale
Color: Purple, green, clear, or multi-colored
Luster: Vitreous

Identified May 9, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 4 on Mohs scale; Color: Purple, green, clear, or multi-colored; Luster: Vitreous; Crystal system: Isometric/Cubic; Cleavage: Perfect octahedral; Specific gravity: 3.175–3.184

Formation & geological history

Formed through hydrothermal activity, typically occurring as a vein mineral in carbonate rocks or as a primary mineral in granites and other igneous rocks. Formed across various geological ages.

Uses & applications

Used as a flux in steelmaking/smelting, in glass making, for manufacturing hydrofluoric acid, and as a semi-precious gemstone for jewelry and ornamental carvings.

Geological facts

Fluorite is often strongly fluorescent under UV light. It is known as the 'most colorful mineral in the world' due to the wide range of hues caused by impurities.

Field identification & locations

Identified by its four directions of perfect cleavage (forming octahedrons), its hardness (softer than glass), and its distinctive range of colors. Common in China, Mexico, South Africa, and the USA (Illinois/Kentucky).