mineral

Rough Citrine Quartz

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with iron impurities

Hardness: 7 (Mohs scale), Color: Yellow to brownish-orange, Luster: Vitreous/Glassy, Crystal Structure: Hexagonal (trigonal), Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture), Specific Gravity: 2.65

Identified April 1, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 7 (Mohs scale), Color: Yellow to brownish-orange, Luster: Vitreous/Glassy, Crystal Structure: Hexagonal (trigonal), Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture), Specific Gravity: 2.65

Formation & geological history

Formed in igneous or metamorphic environments, often in pegmatites. The yellow color results from ferric iron impurities within the quartz lattice during crystallization. Natural citrine is rare and typically forms over millions of years.

Uses & applications

A popular gemstone used in jewelry such as rings, necklaces, and earrings. Also used in crystal healing practices and as an ornamental collector's specimen.

Geological facts

Natural citrine is quite rare; most 'citrine' found on the market is actually heat-treated amethyst or smoky quartz. In folklore, it is known as 'The Merchant's Stone' or 'The Success Stone' and is believed to bring prosperity.

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by its hardness (scratches glass), lack of cleavage, and yellow-gold hue. Frequently found in Brazil, Madagascar, and Russia. Natural citrine shows dichroism, whereas heat-treated material usually does not.

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