mineral

Amethyst

Crystalline Silicon Dioxide with Iron impurities (SiO2)

Hardness: 7 (Mohs scale); Color: Purple to deep violet; Luster: Vitreous; Crystal Structure: Hexagonal (trigonal); Cleavage: None/Conchoidal fracture; Specific Gravity: 2.65

Hardness: 7 (Mohs scale)
Color: Purple to deep violet
Luster: Vitreous

Identified February 5, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 7 (Mohs scale); Color: Purple to deep violet; Luster: Vitreous; Crystal Structure: Hexagonal (trigonal); Cleavage: None/Conchoidal fracture; Specific Gravity: 2.65

Formation & geological history

Forms in hydrothermal veins and hollow rocks (geodes) when silica-rich water cools. The purple color is caused by trace amounts of iron irradiation during formation, primarily in igneous environments.

Uses & applications

Extensively used in jewelry, decorative carvings, and as a popular specimen for mineral collectors and metaphysical practitioners.

Geological facts

Amethyst was considered a precious stone on par with diamonds until large deposits were found in Brazil. Its name comes from the Greek word 'amethystos', meaning 'not intoxicated', due to a belief it prevented drunkenness.

Field identification & locations

Identified by its purple hue and ability to scratch glass. Commonly found in Brazil, Uruguay, Zambia, and South Korea. Collectors should look for intense color saturation and clarity.

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